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7. Fields v. Baltimore City Passenger Railway, 9 F. Cas. 11 (Md. 1871). The text is
reported in Baltimore Sun, November 10, p. 4 col. 2 & 14, p. 4, col. 4, 1871; Baltimore
American and Commercial Advertiser, p. 4, col. 2, November 13, 1871. Rulings
instructing the jury were made jointly by Giles and Bond, although Bond delivered them
alone.
8. Jeffrey Brackett, Notes on the Progress of the Colored People of Maryland. Since the War
64(1890).
9. 6 F. Cas. 946 (Md. 1876).
10. 83 U.S. (16 Wall.) 36 (1873).
11. Cully v. B & O Railroad, 6 Fed. Cas. at 948. The Supreme Court later held the statute
invalid in The Civil Rights Act cases. 109 U.S. 1 (1883).
12. The Steamer Sue, 22 F. 843 (Md. 1885).
13. McGuinn v. Forbes, 37 F. 639 (1889).
14. Bettye Gardner, "Ante-bellum Black Education in Baltimore," 7 Md. Hist. Mag. 360
(1976).
15. Brackett, supra note 8 at 90.
16. Bettye Thomas, supra note 5.
17. 48 Md. 28, 33(1877).
18. In Re Wilson, text reported in Baltimore Sun, March 20, 1885.
19. Particularly Strauder v. West Virginia, 100 U.S. 303 (1880).
20. Test Book. Superior Court. 1880-1895 at 205. See Bogen, "The Transformation of the
Fourteenth Amendment: Reflections from the Admission of Maryland's First Black
Attorneys," 44 Md. L. Rev. 501 (1986). The statutory reference to "white" lawyers was
dropped during the 1888 remodification of the laws, so no further litigation was needed to
open admission to the bar outside Baltimore.
21. See Suzanne Ellery Greene, "Black Republicans on the Baltimore City Council,
1890-1931," 74 Md. Hist. Mag. 203.214 (19791. McGuinn's ties to Twain were noted in
The Baltimore Sun, p. 1 A, Thursday March 14, 1985.
22. Eva Slezak, "David D. Dickson (1854-1908), Flower of the Forest Black Genealogical
Journal 45.
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