I. "By the turn of the century half of all Marylanders lived in Baltimore, where economic growth assaulted natural beauty."
 

cites contrast of dirtiness with beauty, 1896 article in Harper's New Monthly Magazine, 92(1896), extolls virtues
 

1878-Lacrosse; Deer Park, Pen Mar; Cleveland spends honeymoon in 1886 at Deer Park (Garrett, B&O resort); Tolchester (Bay related amusement parks); notes Bay Ridge, Charles Douglass's summer retreat for blacks (366) at Highland Beach; Ocean City [what about Cape May?]
 

370: dealing with the vacation pleasures of the wealthy, near wealthy;
 

II. Philanthropy: George Peabody;
 

discusses Nathaniel Holmes Morison, Hamerik, and Sidney Lanier at the Peabody; Library wing completed in 1878;
 

notes libraries, Mercantile Library Association at the Athenaeum; but especially the generosity of Enoch Pratt for a truly free library; Lewis Henry Steiner first director; "Before his death in 1896, Pratt himself used the library, sometimes needling the staff with comments about procedure." p. 373
 

373: Walters; railroad magnates; Johns Hopkins; notes that except for elder Walters, none of the philanthropists had children to take over their fortunes.
 

375: "Rarely did means and need so nicely intersect." Notes O.W. Holmes Jr. wounded at Antietam concern for advanced education, as well as Charles Benedict Calvert, Know-nothing Congressman and agricultural reformer who helped establish the Maryland Agricultural college in PG co. (Welcomes ex Confederates like Bradley Johnson); looks at University development, esp. JHU;
 

379: Illustration of Herbert Baxter Adams addressing the history seminar, JHU, ca. 1885. Image from Charles K. Edmunds, "A Half-Century of Johns Hopkins," Review of Reviews (November 1926), may be only one vever taken of Adams at work.; covers the remarkable story of JHU to p. 385 and the festschrift given to Welch on his 50th birthday (ca. 1909?). Makes note of fact that troubles of B&O led to the admission of women at the Medical School because of the Garrett, Thomas gift.
 

385: Politics
 

Rasin: Knownothing to Democrat and Goram; notesnearly 20 years in office of Ferdinand C. Latrobe, 386: "Given universal suffrage, said Latrobe in a revealing comment, a machine like Rasin's was unavoidable and perhaps helped make democracy work." cites Crooks work on Baltimore, citing a two-volume manuscript of Latrobe's memoirs owned by his daughter in 1968.
 

388: 1875 Potatoe Bug Campaign; (William T. Hamilton, like the bugs, yellow and nasty); notes high point when Cleveland was elected and Federal Patronage fell to Gorman and Rasin;
 

389: In Baltimore, Latrobe was wary of rasing taxes; borrowed in hopes that business would come and tax base increase. See: Joseph L. Arnold, "The Neighborhood and City Hall: the Origin of Neighborhood Associations in Baltimore, 1880-1911," Journal of Urban History, 6(1979): 3-30;
 

390: cites Hirschfield, Charles, Baltimore, 1870-1900: JHUS, 59(1941), 85-87; and Andrea R. Andrews, "the Baltimore Schoold Building Program, 1870-1900: A Study of Urban Reform, MdHM, 70(1975): 269, re: Machine and Schools-Teachers paid part of their salaries to the machine.
 

Newell-Shepherd debate over manual schools. Newell argued that schools should teach industrial arts; Shepherd in BC mainatined schools transferred culture (390); Shepherd resigned in 1882 complained about decline of classical education and graft in the school system. Poly resulted.
 

In 1870 only 3 in 10 school age children in Baltimore attended school; in 1900, four in ten;
 

serious problems in classroom shortage; also in water management;
 

393: returns to the veterans of the Civil War; use of Gorman and Rasin of the veterans; notes the care with which Rasin and Gorman ran their respective parts of the machine; notes Rasin deposits receipts from court duties in bank accounts where he earns the interest.
 

395: III. The Progressive impulse
 

notes Gilman and Charities reform
 

intro of Telephone (C&P, 1883); electricity,
 

397: "Revived and self-conscious legal profession in Maryland helped to shape the good government concept, and changes in legal training marked the lawyer's new sophistication." 1870: U. of Md. Law school reopens;

In 1882 judges are removed from politics.
 

Baltimore Reform League (Severn Teackle Wallis et. al.); notes (399) that it may have been a Rasin Mayor, James Hodges, who called CJ Bonapare "the Imperial Peacock of Park Avenue."
 

400: notes Charles H. Grasty and the News, 1891; criminal libel case re: Police and the lotteries in Baltimore, indicted for libel; defended by William Marbury; News becomes the reform paper: 401: "foul streets, foul people, in foul tenements filled with foul air; that 'Pigtown.'" NOtes that News had circulation that was almost as high as the Sun's;
 

400: "If acceptance of the informal had helped to account for the Old Guard's dominance, this rising tide of organized indignation spelled trouble for it." 1895 election: John E. Hurst the Old Guard candidate for governor [is it a metaphor of Maryland Politics that the Baltimore Fire of 1904 began in building housing the drygoods firm of John E. Hurst & Company? Sunday February 7, 1904 see Williams] Black man killed in election violence (403)

404: Baltimore's new charter, 1898, strengthened role of Mayor; created board of estimates; moved election of the Mayor to Spring to remove it from State-wide issues;

State Bar Association formed in 1896 with Poe as temporary chair, followed by James McSherry as first president
 

405: notes Speaker Mudd padded Census of 1900, successor went to jail as a jewel thief;
 

406: regression?: election law of 1901; Rayner's contest for the Senate in 1905 revived Wallis charge that Rayner "had so completely lost any moral sense that he resembled "the blank Leaf between the Old and New Testament," while Gorman charged that he was "the most consummate windbag Maryland has ever produced." Rayner may have bought off Rasin;
 

407: reform for miners; 408: problems in the Oyster industry; Haman law, 1906 led to the survey of the beds (1912, completed); Notes private efforts at reform
 

409: Bernard Christian Steiner, 1894, organized a Lawrence Memorial Association to help the poor, offer kindergarten, classes in handicraft, boys athletic program; First Catholic Womens college in America, Notre Dame, 1873 (410); discusses role of Women, clubs, activist groups; child labor law of 1902; Women had strong allies in medical community; 1897 Maryland Public Health association: called for preventive medicine (413)
 

415: report of the Bureau of Industrial Statistics and Information of Maryland, Baltimore, 1904; model law in 1904 re: TB
 

415: Municipal Art Society : Olmstead Jr's plans for Baltimore Parks, landscaping;
 

416: Baltimore Fire: made path of reformers easier:
 

417: A General Public Improvements Conference
 

420: plight of blacks discussed at length; John Prentiss Poe amendment; 1904 Wilson amendment to election laws: applies to counties with large black population, eliminates every reference to party. .. Jim Crow laws;

[Term Jim Crow, according to William Safire came from the popular identification of Jim Crow with black (KY origins) and the segregated Negro car on the Boston Railroad-1840, related in a story about Frederick Douglass being ordered to move to that car in the LIBERATOR of 1841. Mencken cites first use of Jim Crow Car as 1861, referring to the DAE]; Court of appeals decides that Jim Crow in Maryland could only apply to journeys that began and ended in Maryland. Notes Poe, Straus and Digges attempts at disfranchisement (Straus being attorney general under Governor Austin Crothers) all failed.
 

424: Crothers: with Gorman and Raisin dead passed corrupt practices act and state primary election law; Bruggers suggests that Crothers used the bait of disfranchisement to get party regulars to go for reform?
 

Crother's accomplisments: public utilities control; pure food act; compliment to Federal Mann act re: Prostitution; Workmen's compensation; appropriation for care of the insane;
 

Mayor James Harry Preston brings reforms to Baltimore City (p. 426); gives Goldsborough the credit for appointing Goodnow? [wrong? Harrington?]
 

426: "Crothers demonstrated how Maryland Progressives strained to blend modern goals and traditional ways. "We want to be baptized not with a new Democracy, but with the old Democracy of Thomas Jefferson," he said.
 

Mixing Jefferson and Johns Hopkins, Baltimoreans in 1911 adopted an ordinance legalizing racial segregation in housing and the next year mandated the pasteurization of milk."