509

17,1973; Afro-American, February 4,1933; City-Wide Young People's Forum, The
Third Annual Inter Collegiate Oratorical, Vocal and Instrumental Contest," 1935,
[hereafter CWYPF, "Contest" (1935)], 2, in the Lillie Carroll Jackson Civil Rights
Museum.

(56) Interview with Frank Trager, May 17, 1973; Afro-American, June 1,1935; Sun,
February 4, 1934; Frank Trager is listed as a sponsor of CWYPF in CWYPF
"Contest" (1935), 21.

(57) Riches to Rosenzweig, April 7,1973; "Constitution of the Peoples'
Unemployment League of Maryland, Incorporated," 1937; Trager to Thomas,
March 7,1934; Interview with Frank Trager, May 17,1973; Whitmore to Turner,
June 21, 1934.

(58) Riches to Rosenzweig, April 7,1973; "Constitutior of the Peoples'
Unemployment League of Maryland, Incorporated," 1937; Trager to Thomas,
March 7,1934; Interview with Frank Trager, May 17,1973; Whitmore to Turner,
June 2!, 1934; Argersinger, Toward a New Deal, 132.

(59) Riches to Rosenzweig, April 7,1973; "Constitution of the Peoples'
Unemployment League of Maryland, Incorporated," 1937; Trager to Thomas,
March 7,1934; Interview with Frank Trager, May 17,1973; Whitmore to Turner,
June 21,1934. On the structure of the ACW, see chapter 4 above.

(60) Interview with Frank Trager, May 17,1973; Riches to Rosenzwieg, Mav 3,
1973.

(61) The People's or Popular Front strategy was officially promulgated at the
Seventh Congress of the Communist International in 1935 as a replacement for the
Third Period strategy. The Popular Front strategy received its classic formulation
in CI General Secretary Georgi Dimitroff s The United Front; the Struggle against
Fascism and War (San Francisco: 1975), although this strategy was organically
emerging within the Communist movements in various countries (including the
United States — see chapter 5 above and chapter 9 below) from at least late 1933.
The formulations of the united front and center-left alliance thit became popular
throughout the left, far beyond the Communist movement proper, in the years after
1935, were actually current in the International Communist Movement from the
early 1920s. On the emergence of the Popular Front in the International
Communist Movement, see Fernando Claudin, The Communist Movement from
Comintern to Cominform (New York: 1975), 182ff.

(62) Riches to Rosenzwieg, May 3,1973; Trager to Thomas, March 7,1934;
Whitmore to Turner, June 21,1934; Sun, May 2,3, July 15, September 1,1933.

(63) Trager to Thomas, March 7,1934; Sun, April 13, May 22,1933, February 4,
1934. It is interesting to note that the new more militant line on racism of the
national SP was implemented at the Continental Congress as Norman Thomas led
a protest against the Cairo Hotel's Jim Crow policies toward Black delegates; see