xii Notes.

letter from a missionary explains that, while Indian kings generally are
of small account, this prince, whose Indian title was the Tayac, was
really a considerable person. " When rulers and kings are spoken of,"
he says, " let no one in his mind form an august idea of men, such as of
the different princes in Europe....... The only peculiarity by which
you can distinguish a chief from the common people, is some badge;
either a collar made of a rude jewel, or a belt, or a cloak, oftentimes
ornamented with shells in circular rows. The kingdoms of these are
generally circumscribed by the narrow confines of a single village and
the adjacent country; but the Tayac has a much more extensive
dominion, stretching about one hundred and thirty miles, to whose
empire also other inferior chiefs are subject."

In 1639 the reigning Tayac was Kittomaquund (the name is variously
spelled) who had ascended the throne by the summary process of mur-
dering his brother Wannas; and to his court Father White betook him-
self after he had given up all hope of converting that flinty-hearted
heathen, the King of Patuxent. He found Kittomaquund most affec-
tionately inclined towards him, chiefly on account of two dreams, one
of which, he said, had appeared to his late brother Wannas, and one to
himself. Medical aid which Father White gave him in a severe illness,
completed the conversion; he adopted the English fashion of dress,
and determined to be baptised, with his wife and two daughters. With
the zeal of a new convert, he summoned a general council of the whole
people, and harangued them on the immortality of the soul; and him-
self undertook and carried successfully through, the conversion of an
Indian who was executed for murder.

After Kittomaquund had received sufficient instruction in the myst-
eries of the Christian faith, he was baptised on July 5th, 1640, at Pascat-
toway, in a chapel of bark which he had built for the purpose. Gov-
ernor Calvert and other official persons of the colony were present.
The Tayac received the name of Charles, and his wife that of Mary,
and in the afternoon of the same day they were united in matrimony by
the Christian rite.

The next year he brought his daughter, then seven years old, to be
educated among the English at St. Mary's, and in 1642 we are told
that "the young empress (as they call her)" is quite proficient in the
English language, and has been baptised by the name of Mary.
Mistress Margaret Brent became much interested in her, and named
her Mary Brent. Governor Leonard Calvert was appointed her
guardian, and after his death Margaret Brent took the guardianship.